Types of Liver Problems, Causes of Liver Damage, Symptoms of Liver Function Problem
Your liver is a vital organ, as in you can’t live without it. Located just under your rib cage on the right, any problem with its function can cause a broad range of health consequences.
Your liver has many functions, for instance it is responsible for:
- making important proteins
- producing urea, cholesterol
- converting glucose to glycogen
- metabolizing many medications
- manufacturing bile ~ helps digest fat
- helps break down, recycle red blood cells
- maintaining proper glucose level in bloodstream
- filtering your blood to get rid of toxic substances
- storing iron, copper, vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin B12
Various types of liver problems can have a significant impact on these functions. Liver problem types include:
- hepatitis
- cirrhosis
- liver cysts
- hepatitis C
- liver cancer
- tyrosinemia
- Gilbert syndrome
- alcoholic hepatitis
- fulminant hepatitis
- Alagille’s syndrome
- autoimmune hepatitis
- portal vein thrombosis
- primary biliary cirrhosis
- acute, chronic liver failure
- cystic disease of the liver
- viral hepatitis A, B, D & E
- alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency
- primary sclerosing cholangitis
- nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
- biliary atresia ~ bile duct obstruction
- toxic hepatitis ~ chemicals, drugs, certain poisonous mushrooms
- benign liver tumors ~ hemangioma, hepatocellular adenoma, focal nodular hyperplasia
Some types of liver problems are only temporary and resolve on their own. Yet, other types last a long time or may be permanent, which can lead to some serious health complications.
Liver damage occurs when your liver can no longer function properly. For example, some causes of liver damage can result in scar tissue to build up. With this type of damage, your liver may have difficulty performing its cleansing and detoxifying functions.
Some of the causes of liver damage encompass:
- toxins
- alcohol
- porphyria
- gallstones
- sarcoidosis
- malnutrition
- thalassemia
- galactosemia
- trauma, injury
- Wilson’s disease
- Reye’s syndrome
- hemochromatosis
- contaminated food
- hemorrhagic telangiectasia
- type I glycogen storage disease
Certain chemicals are so toxic that a single exposure can cause liver damage to the extent of failure.
Viral infections can be a cause of liver damage, particularly severe upper respiratory tract infections or influenza. Some viruses of liver damaging concern are:
- parvovirus
- adenovirus
- SARS associated coronavirus
- herpes viruses ~ Epstein-Barr, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus
Certain parasitic infections can cause liver damage as well, such as:
- trichinosis
- liver flukes
- clonorchiasis
- schistosomiasis
- echinococcus tapeworm
Since all drugs pass through your liver, they have the potential to injure your liver or cause further liver damage to a preexisting liver problem. There are many different drugs that cause drug-induced hepatitis, just to mention a few:
- statins
- anabolic steroids
- acetaminophen overdose
- NSAIDs ~ ibuprofen, naproxen
- isoniazid ~ treats tuberculosis
- statins ~ treats high cholesterol
- nitrofurantoin ~ antibiotic treats UTIs
- allopurinol ~ treat gout, kidney stones
- nonprescription pain relievers ~ aspirin
- ketoconazole ~ treats fungal skin infections
- amiodarone ~ treats heart rhythm problems, tachycardia, fibrillation
- chlorpromazine ~ treats schizophrenia or manic-depression psychotic disorders
- sulfa drugs ~ antibiotic treats ear infections, UTIs, bronchitis, bacterial meningitis, traveler’s diarrhea
- erythromycin ~ antibiotic treats strep throat, sinus infections,pneumonia, tonsillitis, gonorrhea, PID
- methotrexate treats breast, skin, head, neck, lung cancers & psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis; taking folic acid in concert may offset liver damaging effects
Essentially all OTC pain relievers can cause some damage to your liver, especially if taken frequently or combined with alcohol. And on rare occasions, oral contraceptives can cause liver damage too.
Some herbal supplements can be harmful to your liver and the herbs considered most damaging to your liver are:
- kava
- valerian
- cascara
- comfrey
- skullcap
- mistletoe
- chaparral
- ma-huang
- germander
- pennyroyal
- black cohosh
- greater celandine
Symptoms of liver problems or damage include:
- pruritus
- myalgia
- diarrhea
- jaundice
- headache
- dark urine
- depression
- varicose veins
- hypoglycemia
- chronic fatigue
- low grade fever
- loss of appetite
- nausea, vomiting
- pale, bloody or tar-colored stools
- upper right abdominal pain, swelling
- inexplicable weight loss, weight gain
And symptoms and signs your liver may be failing are:
- edema
- ascites
- enlarged spleen
- encephalopathy
- aplastic anemia
- bleeding problems
- enlarged, tender liver
Seek immediate health care attention if your abdominal pain symptom is too severe to function.
You might be able to prevent liver problems or damage by consciously protecting your liver. A couple of healthy liver behaviors to abide by are:
- drink alcohol in moderation or not at all
- use condoms with multiple sex partners
- only use drugs when medically necessary
- no contact with strangers blood & body fluids
- get vaccinated if at increased risk of hepatitis A & B
- have tattoos, body piercings done in clean environment
- don’t share needles, personal items like razor blades, toothbrushes
- never mix drugs, alcohol & herbal supplements without doctor advice
- don’t allow insecticides & other toxic chemicals on skin, cover with gloves, long sleeves, hat & mask
- use an aerosol cleaners, spraying insecticides, fungicides, paint & other toxic chemicals in well ventilated room or wear mask
And make choices that promote your health, like consuming a nutritious diet of plants, say no to high fat foods and maintain a healthy weight.
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